On the one hand the software is PAC and the PLC main difference, but on the other hand the merchant in provides the senior software in the way also to differ from. Usually they the control software which has have taken the beginning by at present, increases the function, the reliability and the usability unceasingly which the PAC programming needs. In general, some two kinds provide the PAC software the way: Based on PLC control software and based on PC control software
一方面软件是PAC和PLC主要的区别，而另一方面厂商在提供高级软件的方式上也有所不同。通常他们以目前已有的控制软件作为起点，不断增加PAC编程所需的功能、可靠性和易用性。一般说来，有两种提供PAC软件的方式：基于PLC控制的软件和基于PC控制的软件
Based on PLC concept software plan
基于PLC概念的软件方案
The traditional PLC software merchant take is reliable also Yi Yong scanning type overhead construction software as a beginning, and increases the new function gradually. The PLC software basis general model but establishes: The input scanning, the control code movement, the input renews, as well as conventional function execution. As a result of the input circulation, the output circulation and the conventional circulation all is the hideaway, therefore control engineer only must pay attention to the control code the design. Because the merchant has completed the majority of work, this kind of strict control overhead construction causes the establishment control system to be easier and to be fast. These systems strict also can let control engineer when the development reliable procedure does not need thoroughly to understand PLC the first floor operation. However, also causes its flexible as the PLC main superiority this kind of strict scanning type skeleton being short of. The overwhelming majority PLC merchant through in the scanning type overhead construction which has increased the new function to establish the PAC software, these new functions including ethernet correspondence, movement control and senior algorithm. However, usually they can retain the PLC familiar programming way as well as it in logical and the control aspect inherent characteristic. Therefore this kind of PAC software usually is for suit the special type application but to design, like logic, movement and PID, but regarding the application which has custom-made then lacks the flexibility, like the correspondence, the data record or have custom-made control algorithm.
传统的PLC软件厂商以可靠且易用的扫描式架构软件为起点，并逐渐增加新的功能。PLC软件根据通用模型而建立：输入扫描，控制代码运行，输入更新，以及常规功能执行。由于输入循环，输出循环和常规循环都是隐藏的，所以控制工程师只需关注控制代码的设计。由于厂商已完成了大部分工作，这种严格的控制架构使得建立控制系统更为容易和快速。这些系统的严格性也能让控制工程师在开发可靠的程序时无需深入了解PLC的底层操作。然而，作为PLC主要优势的这种严格的扫描式构架也导致其灵活性的欠缺。绝大多数PLC厂商通过在已有的扫描式架构中增加新的功能来建立PAC软件，这些新功能包括以太网通信，运动控制和高级算法。然而，通常他们会保留PLC熟悉的编程方式以及其在逻辑和控制方面固有的特点。因此这种PAC软件通常是为了适合特殊类型应用而设计的，如逻辑，运动和PID，但是对于定制的应用则缺乏灵活性，如通信、数据记录或定制的控制算法。
Based on PC concept software plan
基于PC概念的软件方案
The traditional PC software merchant take the extremely nimble general programming language as a beginning, can provide to the hardware deep level visit. This kind of software also has the control overhead construction which the reliability, determinism as well as supposes in advance. Although engineer can be the PLC programmers establishes the scanning type skeleton, but it is not based on the PC software inherent. These cause the PC software to be extremely nimble, suits these need senior extremely the overhead construction, the programming skill or the control complex application, but causes originally to be supposed actually the simple application complication.
传统PC软件厂商以非常灵活的通用编程语言为起点，能提供对硬件的深层次访问。该种软件也具有可靠性、确定性以及预设的控制架构。尽管工程师能为PLC编程人员建立起扫描式构架，但是它并不是基于PC的软件所固有的。这些使得PC软件极为灵活，非常适合那些需要高级的架构、编程技巧或者系统级控制的复杂应用，但却使本应简单的应用复杂化。
These merchants first must be able to provide the reliability and determinism which general operating system like Windows does not have. They may through use the real-time operating system (RTOS) Tathagata realize from Ardence Phar Lap or Wind River VxWorks. These RTOS can control system each stratification plane, from I/O read-write speed to controller on each regulation priority. Then in order to enable engineer easily to develop the reliable control procedure, the merchant increased the abstract level and I/O read-write overhead construction. Thus this kind of nimble software suits extremely in the customized control, data record and correspondence, but discards the PLC programming overhead construction the price is causes the procedure the development difficulty increase.
这些厂商首先要能提供通用操作系统如Windows所不具备的可靠性和确定性。它们可以通过采用实时操作系统（RTOS）如来自Ardence的Phar Lap或Wind River的VxWorks来实现。这些RTOS能控制系统的各个层面，从I/O读写速率到控制器上各个线程的优先级。然后为了使工程师能更为容易地开发出可靠的控制程序，厂商增加了抽象层和I/O读写架构。因而这种灵活软件非常适合于定制控制，数据记录和通信，但舍弃PLC编程架构的代价是使程序的开发难度增加。
NI has developed can move LabVIEW procedure a series of PAC to deliver the platform. LabVIEW has become tests and surveys the software the fact standard. It has direct-viewing being similar in the flow chart programming way, and through is easy the contact surface which uses to provide all functions which the senior programming language has. Using LabVIEW RT and LabVIEW FPGA, we can unify LabVIEW and the real-time operating system and download directly to FPGA (scene programmable gate array) the platform provide the reliability and determinism.
NI已开发出能运行LabVIEW程序的一系列PAC运载平台。LabVIEW已成为测试和测量软件的事实标准。它具有直观的类似于流程图的图形化编程方式，并通过易用的界面来提供高级编程语言所具备的所有功能。利用LabVIEW RT和LabVIEW FPGA，我们能结合LabVIEW和实时操作系统并直接下载到FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）平台来提供可靠性和确定性。
Based on PAC vision and survey application
基于PAC的视觉和测量应用
NI has the survey the profession background, it caused PAC through the introduction high speed survey and the machine vision to surmount simple I/O. Needs high speed to gather the measurement result in many industrial applications by to use in vibrating or the power quality analysis. Gathers to the data uses for to monitor revolves the machinery condition, determined the maintenance timetable, distinguishes the electrical machinery the attrition degree as well as the adjustment control algorithm. Engineers the usual use special data acquisition system or the independent instrument gather these data and the use correspondence main line the data feeds to the control system. But NI PAC may carry on the high accuracy directly by each second million speed the survey, and transmits directly the data to the control system processes immediately.
NI具有测量的行业背景，它通过引入高速测量和机器视觉使PAC超越了简单的I/O。在许多工业应用中需要高速采集测量结果以用于振动或功率品质分析。采集到的数据用来监测旋转机械的状态，确定维护时间表，识别电机的磨损程度以及调整控制算法。工程师们通常使用专门的数据采集系统或独立仪器来采集这些数据并利用通信总线把数据输入到控制系统。而NI的PAC正可以以每秒百万个采样点的速率直接进行高精度的测量，并把数据直接传送到控制系统来立即处理。
Engineers also may use the visual function in theirs control system. In the past in ten years the vision obtained in the automated domain swiftly and violently has developed. In the production environment, some many products flaw or the wrong use tradition measuring technique is very difficult to distinguish, but through visual way then can examine. The common application including uses in producing or the assembly examination components examination, like on test circuit board component position is whether correct, the recognition optics character (OCR) inspects the date bar code or carries on the classification to the product, as well as carries on the optical measurement to discover the product the slight defect or carries on the classification to the product according to the quality rank. At present many factories use independent intelligent, it must carry on the correspondence with the production processing controller. The NI PAC introduction has logical and the movement control vision perhaps the high speed survey function, thus causes engineers not to need to integrate other hardware and the software platform.
工程师们也可以在他们的控制系统中使用视觉功能。过去十年中视觉在自动化领域已得到了迅猛地发展。在生产环境中，有许多产品缺陷或错误使用传统的测量方法是很难识别出来的，而通过视觉方式则能检测。常见的应用包括用于生产或装配检验的零件检测，如检查电路板上器件的位置是否正确，识别光学字符（OCR）来检查日期条码或对产品进行分类，以及进行光学测量来找出产品的瑕疵或对产品按质量等级进行分类。目前许多工厂采用独立的智能摄像头，它要和生产处理控制器进行通信。NI的PAC引入带有逻辑和运动控制的视觉或是高速测量功能，从而使得工程师们无需集成其他的硬件和软件平台。
PAC has avoided regarding the special hardware need
PAC免除了对于专门硬件的需要
PAC is representing the programmable controller newest technology, it future will develop the key will be decided in inserts the type technology the introduction. For instance must be able to define the hardware through the software. The electronic merchant often uses the chip which the scene programmable gate array (FPGA) such electronic device develops has custom-made, it may let the new equipment intellectualization. These equipment contain have can carry out the many kinds of functions to be possible to dispose the logical block, connects these function blocks programmable junction association as well as for chip input output data I/O. Through defines these to be possible to dispose the logical block the function, its each other connection as well as corresponding I/O, the electron designs the chip which the personnel namely may develop has custom-made, but does not need to spend produces special ASIC. FPGA is similar to has a computer, its internal circuit can reconnect moves the specific application procedure.
PAC代表着可编程控制器的最新技术，它未来发展的关键取决于嵌入式技术的引入。比如要能通过软件来定义硬件。电子厂商常使用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）这样的电子器件来开发定制的芯片，它可以让新设备智能化。这些设备包含有能执行多种功能的可配置逻辑块，连接这些功能块的可编程交联点以及为芯片输入输出数据的I/O块。通过定义这些可配置逻辑块的功能，其彼此连接以及相应的I/O，电子设计人员即可以开发出定制的芯片，而不需要花钱来生产专门的ASIC。FPGA如同有一个计算机，其内部电路能被重新连接来运行特定的应用程序。
Before only then these familiar first floors programming language like VHDL hardware designs the personnel to be able to use the FPGA technology. However, engineers have now been possible to use the control algorithm which LabVIEW FPGA develops has custom-made and it to download to the FPGA chip on. May cause the hardware through this characteristic engineers to have the real-time function, like the limit and approaches the sensor examination and the sensor condition monitoring. Because the control code moves directly on the chip, therefore engineers can fast develop the correspondence agreement or the high speed circulation procedure which uses has custom-made: The numerical control circulating rate may reach as high as 1 MHz, the simulation control circulation speed may be 200kHz.
以前只有那些熟悉底层编程语言如VHDL的硬件设计人员才能利用FPGA技术。然而，现在工程师们已可以用LabVIEW FPGA来开发出定制的控制算法并把它下载到FPGA芯片上。通过该特性工程师们可以使硬件具备实时的功能，如限度和接近传感器检测和传感器状态监控。由于控制代码直接在芯片上运行，所以工程师们能快速开发采用定制的通信协议或高速循环的程序：数字控制循环速度可高达1 MHz，模拟控制循环的速度可为200kHz。
LabVIEW uses in the automated control
LabVIEW用于自动化控制
As a result of LabVIEW (ni.Com/China/Labview) has the formidable function and the programming usability, extremely suitablly has the following request based on LabVIEW PAC the application:
由于LabVIEW (ni.com/china/labview)具有强大的功能和图形化编程的易用性，基于LabVIEW的PAC 非常适合有如下要求的应用：
Because LabVIEW programs the inborn introduction graphical user interface, you may provide the man-machine contact surface for the control system.
Survey (high speed data gathering, vision and movement). NI is including visual gathering high speed I/The O aspect has the long-term experience, therefore you may use function and so on vibration or machine vision in yours standard control system.
Handling ability: In certain applications, you need to have the special control algorithm, the senior signal processing or the data record. Uses LabVIEW, you may use the control code which NI or the third party tool establishes has custom-made, the realization like JTFA signal processing, or local and long-distance data recording.
Platform: Using LabVIEW, you can develop use in each kind of platform code, these platforms include PC, inserts the type controller, the FPGA chip or handhold PDA.
Correspondence: Using the LabVIEW database connection, OPC and based on the network browser operation contact surface, you can very easily the data transfer to the enterprise database in.
· 图形化 由于LabVIEW 编程天生引入图形用户界面，您可以为控制系统提供图形化人机界面。
· 测量（高速数据采集，视觉和运动）。NI在包括视觉采集的高速I/O方面有着长期经验，因此您可以在您的标准控制系统中使用振动或机器视觉等功能。
· 处理能力： 在某些应用中，您需要有专门的控制算法、高级的信号处理或数据记录。使用LabVIEW，您可以用NI或第三方的工具来建立定制的控制代码，实现如JTFA的信号处理，或本地及远程记录数据。
· 平台： 利用 LabVIEW，您能开发出用于各种平台的代码，这些平台包括PC，嵌入式控制器，FPGA芯片或手持式PDA。
· 通信 ：利用LabVIEW的数据库连接，OPC和基于网络浏览器的操作界面，您能很容易地把数据传送到企业数据库中。
The system of NI PAC
NI PAC系统
The NI provides 5 kinds according to the LabVIEW PAC terrace.
NI提供五种基于LabVIEW的PAC平台。
The PXI is draw up by several manufacturers of standardize PAC hardware terrace according to the industry of the CompactPCI structure, it can provide a mold piece turn, tightly packed but fastness of industrialization system.Place up the GHz high performance processor inside the built-in controller of PXI system.You can choose to use to come from NI or the third square the manufacturer's PXI and the CompactPCI mold piece.The PXI can provide the most extensive I/O, including an insulation type of have the 1000 Vs emulation an importation, high capacity numerical I/O, used for the emulation of machine sense of vision/the numerical grab at a machine, uniting many stalk sport a mold piece.The heads of PXI mold piece all install to have convenient electric cable to link of connect.The PXI platform provides an overall diagraph mold a piece, and includes CAN, DeviceNET, RS-232, RS-485, the extensive conjunction of Modbus and Foundation Fieldbus.
PXI是由多个厂商制定的基于CompactPCI架构的工业标准化PAC硬件平台，它能提供模块化、紧凑而坚固的工业化系统。PXI系统的嵌入式控制器内置上GHz的高性能处理器。您可以选用来自NI或第三方厂商的PXI和CompactPCI模块。PXI能提供最为广泛的I/O，包括有1000 V的隔离式模拟输入，高容量数字I/O，用于机器视觉的模拟/数字帧抓取器，联合多轴运动模块。PXI模块的前端都配置有方便电缆连接的接口。PXI平台提供全面的测量模块，以及包括CAN，DeviceNET，RS-232，RS-485，Modbus和Foundation Fieldbus的广泛连接性。
The product line of Compact FieldPoint's include is hot to replace of emulation and numerical I/O mold piece and controller, and take ether net and string to go total line to connect.Among them, the I/O mold piece can link thermocouple, RTD directly, account in response to the dint, the 4-20 mAs spread the direct current signal of the feeling machine, 5-30 Vs and the exchanges signal of the 0-250 Vs.The network correspondence of the Compact FieldPoint's connecting can pass an ether network transmission data automatically.You can also read and write the I/O out of a few mileses which delivers through the network by reading and write native I/O.Because the software connects very and in brief, you can build up and write the application procedure of the Compact FieldPoint quickly, but again don't lose complications control, data record and correspondence of strong function.
Compact FieldPoint产品系列包括有可热抽换的模拟和数字I/O模块和控制器，并带有以太网和串行总线接口。其中I/O模块能直接连接热电偶、RTD、应力计、4-20 mA传感器、5-30 V的直流信号以及0-250 V的交流信号。Compact FieldPoint网络通信接口能自动通过以太网络传送数据。您也可以以读写本地I/O的方式来读写经由网络传输的几英里之外的I/O。由于软件的接口非常简单，您可以快速地建立和编写Compact FieldPoint应用程序，但又不失复杂控制，数据记录和通信的强大功能。
The Compact Vision System integrated high performance Intel processor, FPGA, the numerical I/O was 1394 ports with 3.This kind of PAC can pass a FireWire(IEEE1394) technique naturally to use sense of vision function in the control the application, and and permit 80 various industry shoot to be like a head.Make use of CVS of re-usable install FPGA and numerical I/O thoroughfare, you can also carry on the numeral that the low passage count and tread to control into the electrical engineering.While using a LabVIEW plait a distance, you can also install that system to control with step into the electrical engineering by the numerical control of sense of vision and high speed which gets a high performance.
Compact Vision System整合了高性能Intel处理器、FPGA，数字I/O和三个1394端口。这种PAC天生就可以通过FireWire（IEEE1394）技术在控制应用中使用视觉功能，并兼容80多种工业摄像头。利用CVS上的可重复配置FPGA和数字I/O通路，您也可以进行低通道数的数字和步进电机控制。当使用LabVIEW编程时，您还能配置该系统以得到高性能的视觉以及高速的数字控制和步进电机控制。
CompactRIO is may duplicate based on FPGA disposes controls and gathers the system, it is for needs to have custom-made highly with the high speed control application but designs. This overhead construction uses real-time inserts the type processor, and the union may duplicate disposes I/O (RIO) the FPGA essence realizes the computation which the complex algorithm and has custom-made. The CompactRIO platform may use reaches eight simulations or digital I/O module. These modules may provide by NI or other merchants. The CompactRIO platform suits like the machine to control extremely such is complex and the high speed application, and, usually needs to develop the special hardware regarding these the application, unified FPGA this kind of system also is the extremely good choice。
CompactRIO是基于FPGA的可重复配置控制和采集系统，它是为需要高度定制和高速控制的应用而设计的。该架构采用实时嵌入式处理器，并结合可重复配置I/O（RIO）的FPGA内核来实现复杂的算法和定制的计算。CompactRIO平台可使用多达八个模拟或数字I/O模块。这些模块可由NI或其它厂商提供。CompactRIO平台非常适合如机器控制这样的复杂和高速应用，并且，对于那些通常需要开发专门的硬件的应用，结合了FPGA的这种系统也是非常好的选择。
The standard industry computer also may use the widespread PCI module which NI provides. These jack-in type board cards contain the promising simulation and digital I/O, the movement control and the machine vision but design hardware. Must obtain determinism, the real-time performance, may unify the PCI hardware and the movement in realizes based in PC real-time operating system LabVIEW. LabVIEW RT may increase to on overwhelming majority standard industry PC, thus can provide uses in the commercial measurement and the control low cost platform.
CompactRIO是基于FPGA的可重复配置控制和采集系统，它是为需要高度定制和高速控制的应用而设计的。该架构采用实时嵌入式处理器，并结合可重复配置I/O（RIO）的FPGA内核来实现复杂的算法和定制的计算。CompactRIO平台可使用多达八个模拟或数字I/O模块。这些模块可由NI或其它厂商提供。CompactRIO平台非常适合如机器控制这样的复杂和高速应用，并且，对于那些通常需要开发专门的硬件的应用，结合了FPGA的这种系统也是非常好的选择。
